CapseraWomen's health
12 source-linked study cards in this body system.
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How each medicine works
Medicines in this body system: 12
| Norethindrone / Ethinyl Estradiol — Combined hormonal contraceptive that lowers pregnancy risk primarily by suppressing ovulation. |
| Estradiol — Binds nuclear estrogen receptors; reduces the elevated LH and FSH seen after menopause via negative feedback. |
| Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol — Primarily suppresses ovulation; possible additional mechanisms include cervical-mucus changes that inhibit sperm penetration and endometrial changes that reduce implantation likelihood. |
| Norethindrone — Suppresses ovulation in about half of users, thickens cervical mucus, blunts LH/FSH peaks and alters the endometrium. |
| Progesterone — Transforms estrogen-primed proliferative endometrium into secretory endometrium. |
| Estradiol — Binds nuclear estrogen receptors in responsive tissues; reduces the elevated LH and FSH seen after menopause. |
| Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol — Prevents pregnancy primarily by suppressing ovulation. |
| Drospirenone / Ethinyl estradiol — Combination oral contraceptive that prevents pregnancy primarily by suppressing ovulation. |
| Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol — Suppresses gonadotropins to inhibit ovulation; also alters cervical mucus and endometrium. |
| Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol — Suppresses gonadotropins, mainly inhibiting ovulation; also alters cervical mucus and endometrium. |
| Medroxyprogesterone — Inhibits gonadotropin secretion, preventing follicular maturation and ovulation, and thickens cervical mucus. |
| Norelgestromin / Ethinyl Estradiol — Suppresses gonadotropins, mainly inhibiting ovulation; also alters cervical mucus and endometrium. Norelgestromin is the active metabolite of norgestimate. |
Each summary is the mechanism line from the medicine’s study card.
Listed most often on cards in this body system
Used for
Prevention of pregnancy · 7/12: Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norethindrone, Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Drospirenone / Ethinyl estradiol, Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Medroxyprogesterone
Common side effects
Headache · 7/12: Estradiol (transdermal), Norethindrone, Progesterone, Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Medroxyprogesterone, Norelgestromin / Ethinyl Estradiol
Breast tenderness · 7/12: Estradiol (transdermal), Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norethindrone, Progesterone, Estradiol (topical), Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol
Nausea · 5/12: Estradiol (transdermal), Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norethindrone, Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol
Nausea / vomiting · 4/12: Norethindrone / Ethinyl Estradiol, Drospirenone / Ethinyl estradiol, Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norelgestromin / Ethinyl Estradiol
Headache / migraine · 3/12: Norethindrone / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Drospirenone / Ethinyl estradiol
Dysmenorrhea · 3/12: Norethindrone / Ethinyl Estradiol, Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norelgestromin / Ethinyl Estradiol
Warnings
Liver disease / jaundice · 3/12: Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norelgestromin / Ethinyl Estradiol
Interactions
CYP3A4 inducers (reduced efficacy) · 3/12: Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Norethindrone, Drospirenone / Ethinyl estradiol
Boxed warning
11/12: Norethindrone / Ethinyl Estradiol, Estradiol (transdermal), Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Progesterone, Estradiol (topical), Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Drospirenone / Ethinyl estradiol, Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Medroxyprogesterone (+1)
Same boxed-warning wording on: Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol, Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol
Same boxed-warning wording on: Etonogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol, Desogestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol
An item counts as shared only when both cards use the same wording. If a card does not list an item, that is not a statement that the effect never occurs.