Levonorgestrel / Ethinyl Estradiol — Combined oral contraceptive (estrogen + progestin). Study the mechanism, listed uses and warnings from the US label on one sourced card.
Prevents pregnancy primarily by suppressing ovulation.
Used for
Prevention of pregnancy
Common side effects
Headache; Menorrhagia; Nausea; Dysmenorrhea; Breast tenderness
Boxed warning
Cigarette smoking increases serious cardiovascular events with COCs; contraindicated in women over 35 who smoke.
Warnings
Thrombotic and thromboembolic events; Liver disease; Hypertension
Interactions
Enzyme inducers (reduced efficacy)
Brand questions use only name pairings verified against the linked product source. Unverified pairings are withheld from these questions; the other study content remains available.
Label date: 20261007 · For learning, not clinical decisions. US label and brand information; always consult the current source.
Source snapshot checked: 2026-10-21. The source document and selected fields were compared. The complete card has not had an independent clinical review.
Mechanism: Primarily suppresses ovulation; possible additional mechanisms include cervical-mucus changes that inhibit sperm penetration and endometrial changes that reduce implantation likelihood.
On both cards: Used for — Prevention of pregnancy · Common side effects — Nausea; Breast tenderness · Warnings — Hypertension
Only on the Norgestimate / Ethinyl Estradiol card: Common side effects — Headache / migraine; Abdominal pain; Irregular uterine bleeding · Warnings — Thromboembolic disorders; Liver disease / jaundice · Interactions — CYP3A4 inducers (reduced efficacy)
Mechanism: Suppresses ovulation in about half of users, thickens cervical mucus, blunts LH/FSH peaks and alters the endometrium.
On both cards: Used for — Prevention of pregnancy · Common side effects — Headache; Nausea; Breast tenderness
Only on the Norethindrone card: Common side effects — Menstrual irregularity; Dizziness · Warnings — Known or suspected pregnancy (contraindicated); Breast carcinoma (contraindicated); Liver tumors or acute liver disease · Interactions — CYP3A4 inducers (reduced efficacy)
Mechanism: Binds nuclear estrogen receptors; reduces the elevated LH and FSH seen after menopause via negative feedback.
On both cards: Common side effects — Headache; Nausea; Breast tenderness
Only on the Estradiol (transdermal) card: Used for — Moderate-to-severe menopausal vasomotor symptoms; Postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention only after considering non-estrogen options and significant osteoporosis risk · Common side effects — Back pain; Intermenstrual bleeding · Warnings — The label reports stroke/DVT risks with estrogen alone and stroke/DVT/PE/MI risks with studied estrogen-plus-progestin therapy; Gallbladder disease; Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding is a contraindication · Interactions — CYP3A4 inducers (rifampin, St. John's wort); CYP3A4 inhibitors (ketoconazole, ritonavir)
An item counts as shared only when both cards use the same wording. If a card does not list an item, that is not a statement that the effect never occurs.
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