CapseraFluoroquinolone antibacterials
Compare the named medicines in this source-linked class directory.
Membership describes a named action or a component of a combination. A medicine may appear in several families. Medicines in one family are not automatically interchangeable; this is a study directory, not a prescribing guide.
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Combination: membership refers to the relevant component.
Generic names and pronunciation
| Ciprofloxacin · sip-roe-FLOX-a-sin |
| Ofloxacin · oh-FLOX-a-sin |
| Levofloxacin · lee-voe-FLOX-a-sin |
| Moxifloxacin (ophthalmic) · mox-i-FLOX-a-sin |
| Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) · sip-roe-FLOX-a-sin |
| Dexamethasone · dex-a-METH-a-sone |
Pronunciation is shown for the US English generic name.
Body system and related classes
Body systems: Eye & ear · Infectious disease
How each medicine works
| Ciprofloxacin — Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and topoisomerase IV, disrupting processes required for bacterial DNA replication and maintenance. |
| Ofloxacin — Quinolone antimicrobial active against susceptible gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria causing eye infections. |
| Levofloxacin — Fluoroquinolone antibacterial active against designated susceptible bacteria. |
| Moxifloxacin (ophthalmic) — Topical fluoroquinolone anti-infective active against susceptible conjunctival pathogens. |
| Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) — Interferes with bacterial DNA gyrase, an enzyme needed for bacterial DNA synthesis. |
| Ciprofloxacin / Dexamethasone — Ciprofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial; dexamethasone suppresses inflammatory cytokines and edema. |
| Ofloxacin — Fluoroquinolone that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase, a topoisomerase needed for DNA replication, repair, and transcription. |
Each summary is the mechanism line from the medicine’s study card.
What each medicine is used for
| Ciprofloxacin — UTIs due to specified susceptible bacteria in adults, and selected complicated UTI/pyelonephritis in children aged 1–17; acute uncomplicated cystitis use is reserved for patients without alternatives; Specified susceptible lower-respiratory infections in adults; acute chronic-bronchitis exacerbation use is reserved for patients without alternatives; Specified susceptible skin, bone and joint infections in adults; Post-exposure inhalational anthrax and source-specified plague treatment/prevention in adults and children |
| Ofloxacin — Bacterial conjunctivitis caused by listed susceptible organisms; safety and effectiveness below age 1 are not established; Bacterial corneal ulcers caused by listed susceptible organisms; safety and effectiveness below age 1 are not established |
| Levofloxacin — Adult nosocomial or community-acquired pneumonia caused by the specified susceptible organisms; Adult complicated UTI; uncomplicated UTI only when no alternative treatment options exist; Adult acute bacterial sinusitis only when no alternative treatment options exist; Post-exposure inhalational anthrax and treatment/prophylaxis of plague in adults and children aged 6 months or older; pediatric formulation/weight restrictions apply |
| Moxifloxacin (ophthalmic) — Bacterial conjunctivitis caused by the listed susceptible organisms |
| Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic) — Corneal ulcers caused by the listed susceptible organisms; Bacterial conjunctivitis caused by the listed susceptible organisms |
| Ciprofloxacin / Dexamethasone — Acute otitis media caused by susceptible labeled bacteria in children aged 6 months and older with tympanostomy tubes; Acute otitis externa caused by susceptible labeled bacteria in patients aged 6 months and older |
| Ofloxacin — Otitis externa from labeled susceptible bacteria in adults and children aged 6 months and older; Chronic suppurative otitis media from labeled susceptible bacteria with perforated tympanic membranes in patients aged 12 years and older; Acute otitis media from labeled susceptible bacteria in children aged 1 year and older with tympanostomy tubes |
Each list is the uses line from the medicine’s study card.
Telling these medicines apart
Medicines in this class: 7 · single-ingredient: 6 · combination products: 1
By body system: Eye & ear (Ofloxacin, Moxifloxacin (ophthalmic), Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic), Ciprofloxacin / Dexamethasone, Ofloxacin) · Infectious disease (Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin)
Listed on more than one card in this class
Used for
Bacterial conjunctivitis caused by the listed susceptible organisms · 2/7: Moxifloxacin (ophthalmic), Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
Common side effects
Nausea · 2/7: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin
Diarrhea · 2/7: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin
Itching · 2/7: Ofloxacin (ophthalmic), Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
Dizziness · 2/7: Levofloxacin, Ofloxacin (otic)
Warnings
QT prolongation · 2/7: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin
Hepatotoxicity · 2/7: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin
C. difficile-associated diarrhea · 2/7: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin
Hypersensitivity to quinolones (contraindicated) · 2/7: Ofloxacin (ophthalmic), Ofloxacin (otic)
Interactions
Theophylline (systemic quinolones) · 2/7: Ofloxacin (ophthalmic), Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
Warfarin (systemic quinolones) · 2/7: Ofloxacin (ophthalmic), Ciprofloxacin (ophthalmic)
Boxed warning
2/7: Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin
An item counts as shared only when both cards use the same wording. If a card does not list an item, that is not a statement that the effect never occurs.