Timolol maleate (ophthalmic): study card

Timolol maleate (ophthalmic) — Non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker (ophthalmic). Study the mechanism, listed uses and warnings from the US label on one sourced card.

Generic name
Timolol maleate (ophthalmic)
Class
Non-selective beta-adrenergic blocker (ophthalmic)
Mechanism
Non-selective beta1/beta2 adrenergic receptor blocker without significant intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane-stabilizing activity.
Used for
Ocular hypertension; Open-angle glaucoma
Common side effects
Burning / stinging on instillation; Headache; Asthenia / fatigue; Bradycardia
Warnings
Contraindicated with bronchial asthma or its history, or severe COPD; Contraindicated with sinus bradycardia or second-/third-degree AV block; Overt cardiac failure and cardiogenic shock are contraindications
Interactions
Oral beta-blockers; Calcium antagonists; CYP2D6 inhibitors

Brand questions use only name pairings verified against the linked product source. Unverified pairings are withheld from these questions; the other study content remains available.

Drug class families: Beta-adrenergic blockers

Read the source label ↗

Label date: 20260902 · For learning, not clinical decisions. US label and brand information; always consult the current source.

Source snapshot checked: 2026-10-21. The source document and selected fields were compared. The complete card has not had an independent clinical review.

Pronunciation

Timolol maleate (ophthalmic): TYE-moe-lol

Pronunciation is shown for the US English generic name.

Other drugs in the same class

Beta-adrenergic blockers: Bisoprolol, Labetalol, Dorzolamide / Timolol, Metoprolol, Carvedilol, Atenolol, Propranolol, Nebivolol

Body system

Eye & ear · 19 Drug cards

Compare with related cards

Metoprolol

Same class family: Beta-adrenergic blockers

Mechanism: Beta-1 selective (cardioselective) adrenergic receptor blocker without intrinsic sympathomimetic activity; blocks beta-2 at higher levels.

On both cards: Common side effects — Bradycardia · Interactions — CYP2D6 inhibitors

Only on the Metoprolol card: Used for — Hypertension in adults; Long-term angina pectoris treatment to reduce attacks and improve exercise tolerance; Reduction of cardiovascular mortality in hemodynamically stable patients with definite or suspected acute myocardial infarction · Common side effects — Tiredness; Dizziness; Depression; Shortness of breath · Warnings — Abrupt cessation may worsen ischemia; Worsening heart failure; May mask hypoglycemia · Interactions — Catecholamine-depleting drugs; Digoxin, clonidine, diltiazem, verapamil

Nebivolol

Same class family: Beta-adrenergic blockers

Mechanism: Antihypertensive mechanism not definitively established; may involve lower heart rate and contractility, less renin, vasodilation.

On both cards: Common side effects — Headache · Interactions — CYP2D6 inhibitors

Only on the Nebivolol card: Used for — Hypertension · Common side effects — Fatigue · Warnings — Do not stop abruptly because coronary artery disease may worsen; May mask hypoglycemia symptoms or alter glucose levels; Severe bradycardia or heart block greater than first degree are contraindications · Interactions — Verapamil / diltiazem; Digitalis glycosides

Carvedilol

Same class family: Beta-adrenergic blockers

Mechanism: Racemic mixture: nonselective beta-blockade from the S(-) enantiomer and alpha-1 blockade from both enantiomers; no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity.

On both cards: Common side effects — Bradycardia

Only on the Carvedilol card: Used for — Mild-to-severe chronic heart failure of ischemic or cardiomyopathic origin, usually with other heart-failure medicines; Reduction of cardiovascular mortality in clinically stable survivors of acute myocardial infarction with LVEF at or below 40%; Essential hypertension · Common side effects — Dizziness; Fatigue; Hypotension; Hyperglycemia · Warnings — Do not abruptly discontinue; Bronchial asthma / bronchospastic conditions; May mask hypoglycemia · Interactions — CYP2D6 inhibitors, rifampin; Digoxin, cyclosporine; Clonidine, reserpine, MAO inhibitors

An item counts as shared only when both cards use the same wording. If a card does not list an item, that is not a statement that the effect never occurs.